lunes, 17 de agosto de 2009

Santa Filomena




Santa Filomena (hija de luz o bienamada en griego) es una Virgen y Mártir de la Iglesia Catolica

En el año 1802, mientras se llevaban a cabo unas excavaciones en las famosas catacumbas de Santa Priscila, en Roma, se encontró una cripta sellada con tres losas de terracota que llevaban la inscripción: Lumena — Pax Te — Cum Fi. Tratando de darle sentido a esta frase, se re-arreglaron ligeramente algunas sílabas y se obtuvo Paxt te cum Filumena, que en latín quiere decir "La paz sea contigo, Filomena".

En la tumba se encontró el cuerpo de una niña de 12 ó 13 años, que cerca de su cabeza tenía un jarrón roto que contenía lo que se creyó que era sangre seca. Posteriormente se colocó su cuerpo en una caja de ébano forrada en seda y se entregó a la Iglesia, siendo el 10 de Agostode 1805 trasladados las reliquias a la parroquia de D. Francesco en Mugnano, donde se encuentra su Santuario.

Una religiosa napolitana llamada Sor Luisa le pidió a Santa Filomena, a través de una oración, que le revelase parte de su vida. Luego, supuestamente recibió en sueños la información solicitada, que se resume en el siguiente relato.

Filomena era la princesa de una ciudad estado localizada en la isla griega de Corfú, hija única de reyes cristianos que se bautizaron cuando Publio, su médico personal, les dijo que Dios les podía ayudar a tener el hijo que tanto deseaban pero no podían concebir.

A los 13 años de edad, Filomena viajó a Roma con sus padres cuando el emperador Diocleciano los hizo llamar para declararles la guerra formalmente; sin embargo, impresionado con la belleza y elegancia de la princesa, él les ofreció la paz si Filomena le era entregada como su esposa. Los padres aceptaron, pero la hija rechazó el trato; no sólo estaba molesta por haber sido ofrecida como un trofeo a los romanos sin que siquiera se le hubiera consultado, sino que ella había hecho un voto de virginidad años antes y pensaba cumplirlo a cualquier precio.

Tras muchos esfuerzos inútiles por convencer a Filomena de que se casara con él y se convirtiera en su emperatriz, Diocleciano ejecutó a sus padres por levantarse contra el Imperio Romano y la encarceló por más de un mes. Tras 37 días de prisión, Filomena fue sometida a diversas torturas (fue azotada, luego lanzada al río Tiber con un ancla amarrada a su cuerpo, pero intervenciones divinas la salvaron una y otra vez de morir. Finalmente, cuando parte del bajo pueblo romano empezó a ponerse de su parte y protestó por su prisión, Filomena fue acusada de brujería y decapitada.

En su juventud, la devota de Santa Filomena Pauline Jaricot, que le daba crédito por haberla sanado milagrosamente de su enfermedad al corazón, fundo tres asociaciones católicas: la Asociación del Rosario Viviente, la Sociedad para la Propagación de la Fe y la Asociación de la Santa Niñez. Las tres están dedicadas a la memoria de la Santa.

En la iconografía católica se retrata a Filomena como una chica de pelo largo, ondulado y castaño, vestida con una túnica larga generalmente blanca, azul o anaranjada, con hojas de palma (símbolo de martirio), flechas o un ancla en las manos, y una corona real o de flores en la cabeza.

NOVENA A SANTA FILOMENA

Oh gran Santa Filomena, Virgen y Mártir, obradora de maravillas de nuestra era, le doy las más fervientes gracias a Dios por los dones milagrosos otorgados a Vos, y os suplico impartirme una porción de las gracias y bendiciones de las cuales vos habéis sido el canal para tantas almas. Por la heroica fortitud con la cual confrontasteis la furia de tiranos y el disgusto de los poderosos antes que desviaros de vuestra alianza con el Rey del Cielo, obtened para mí pureza de cuerpo y alma, pureza de corazón y deseo, pureza de pensamiento y afecto.

Por vuestra paciencia bajo sufrimientos multiplicados, obtened para mí una aceptación sumisa de todas las aflicciones que pueda complacer a Dios enviarme y como vos escapasteis milagrosamente ilesa de las aguas del Tiber, en el que fuisteis arrojada por orden de vuestro perseguidor, así también yo pueda pasar a través de las aguas de tribulación sin detrimento a mi alma. Además de estos favores, obtened para mí, Oh esposa fiel de Jesús, la necesidad particular que ardientemente os recomiendo en este momento.

Oh Virgen pura y Mártir santa, dígnate dirigir una mirada de piedad desde el Cielo sobre vuestro devoto siervo, consoladme en aflicción, asistidme en el peligro, sobre todo venid en mi auxilio a la hora de mi muerte. Guardad sobre los intereses de la Iglesia de Dios, rezad por su exaltación y prosperidad, la extensión de la Fe, por el Soberano Pontífice, por el clero, por la perseverancia del justo, la conversión de los pecadores, y el sufragio de las almas del Purgatorio, especialmente mis seres queridos. Oh gran Santa, cuyo triunfo celebramos en la tierra, interceded por mí, para que un día pueda contemplar la corona de gloria otorgada a vos en el Cielo y bendecir a El quien liberalmente recompensa por toda la eternidad los sufrimientos soportados por Su amor durante esta corta vida. Amén.

Saint Philomena is venerated as a Virgin Martyr Saint of the Roman Catholic Church, said to have been a young Greek princess martyred in the 4th century. Her veneration began in the early 19th century after the archaeological discovery in the Catacombs of Priscilla of the bones of a young girl, which were interpreted as those of a martyr. Nothing else was known about her, but an inscription found at the tomb was taken to indicate that her name was (in the Latin of the inscription) Filumena; corresponding to the English name Philomena.

The remains were removed to Mungnano Cardinale in 1805 and became the focus of widespread devotion, with several miracles credited to the saint's intercession, including the healing of Venerable Pauline Jaricot in 1835, which received wide publicity. Saint Jean Vianney attributed to her intercession the extraordinary cures that others attributed to himself. Accounts of her life and martyrdom circulated on the basis of visions of a Neapolitan nun.

On 21 December 1833, the Holly Office declared that there was nothing contrary to the Catholic faith in the revelations that Sister Maria Luisa di Gesù (1799-1875), a Dominican tertiary from Naples claimed to have received from the Saint herself.

According to Sister Maria Luisa di Gesù, Saint Philomena told her she was the daughter of a king in Greece who, with his wife, had converted to Christianity. At the age of about 13 she took a vow of consecrated virginity. When the Emperor Diocletian threatened to make war on her father, he went with his family to Rome to ask for peace. The Emperor fell in love with the young Philomena and, when she refused to be his wife, he subjected her to a series of torments: scourging, from whose effects two angels cured her; drowning with an anchor attached to her, but two angels cut the rope and raised her to the river bank; being shot with arrows, but on the first occasion her wounds were healed, on the second the arrows turned aside, and on the third, they returned and killed six of the archers, and several of the others became Christians. Finally the Emperor had her decapitated, which occurred on a Friday at three in the afternoon, as with the death of Jesus. The two anchors, three arrows, the palm and the ivy leaf on the tiles found in the tomb were interpreted as symbols of her martyrdom.

In these visions she also revealed that her birthday was 10 January, that her martyrdom occurred on 10 August (the date also of the arrival of her relics in Mugnano del Cardinale),and that her name "Filumena" meant "daughter of light" (it is usually taken to be derived from a Greek word meaning "beloved")

On 24 May 1802 in the Catacombs of Priscilla on the Via Salaria Nova an inscribed loculus (space hollowed out of the rock) was found, and on the following day it was carefully examined and opened. The loculus was closed with three terra cotta tiles, on which was the following inscription: lumena paxte cumfi. It was and is generally accepted that the tiles were in a wrong order and that the inscription originally read, with the leftmost tile placed on the right: pax tecum Filumena (i.e."Peace with you, Philomena"). Within the loculus was found the skeleton of a female between thirteen and fifteen years old. Embedded in the cement was a small glass phial with vestiges of what was taken to be blood. Accordingly, in accordance with the assumptions of the time, the remains were taken to be those of a virgin martyr named Philomena.

In 1805, Canon Francesco De Lucia requested relics for a new altar, and on 8 June obtained the remains discovered in May 1802 (reduced to dust and fragments) for his church in Mungnano Cardinale, where they arrived on 11 August, after being taken from Rome to Naples on 1 July

In 1827, Pope Leo XIII gave to the church in Mugnano del Cardinale the three inscribed terra cotta slabs that had been taken from the tomb.

In his Relazione istorica della traslazione del sacro corpo di s. Filomena da Roma a Mugnano del Cardinale De Lucia recounts that wonders accompanied the arrival of the relics in his church, among them a statue that sweated some liquid continuously for three days.

The spread of devotion to her in France as well as in Italy was helped when Saint John Vianney built a shrine in her honour and referred to her often, attributing to her the miracles that others attributed to himself. Another help was the cure of the near-dying Venerable Pauline Jaricot, founder of the Society for the propagatin of the Faith, at Philomena's shrine on 10 August 1835.

Another miracle accepted as proved in the same year was the multiplication of the bone dust of the saint, which provided for hundreds of reliquaries without the original amount experiencing any decrease in quantity.

NOVENA PRAYER TO SAINT PHILOMENA

We beseech Thee, O Lord, to grant us the pardon of our sins by the intercession of Saint , virgin and martyr, who was always pleasing in Thy sight by her eminent chastity and by the profession of every virtue. Amen.

Illustrious virgin and martyr, Saint Philomena, behold me prostrate before the throne whereupon it has pleased the Most Holy Trinity to place thee. Full of confidence in thy protection, I entreat thee to intercede for me with God, from the heights of Heaven deign to cast a glance upon thy humble client! Spouse of Christ, sustain me in suffering, fortify me in temptation, protect me in the dangers surrounding me, obtain for me the graces necessary to me, and in particular

(Here specify your petition).

Above all, assist me at the hour of my death. Saint Philomena, powerful with God, pray for us. Amen.

O God, Most Holy Trinity, we thank Thee for the graces Thou didst bestow upon the Blessed Virgin Mary, and upon Thy handmaid Philomena, through whose intercession we implore Thy Mercy. Amen.

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